1. Le processeur (Central Processing Unit ou CPU) :
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_processing_unit
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Intel_microprocessor
2. Mémoires (RAM, ROM) :
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random-access_memory
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synchronous_dynamic_random-access_memory
3. Le BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) ou UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) :
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unified_Extensible_Firmware_Interface
4. Les bus :
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bus_(computing)
5. Les disques :
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_data_storage

https://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/tutoriel/console_ligne_de_commande

https://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/arborescence

/proc/interrupts
/proc/dma
/proc/ioports

/sys/bus
/sys/class
/sys/block

exemple :

cat /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler

lspci
sudo lspci -v -s 00:03.0 
00:03.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82540EM Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 02)
        Subsystem: Intel Corporation PRO/1000 MT Desktop Adapter
	Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 64, IRQ 19
	Memory at f0000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=128K]
	I/O ports at d010 [size=8]
	Capabilities: [dc] Power Management version 2
	Capabilities: [e4] PCI-X non-bridge device
	Kernel driver in use: e1000
	Kernel modules: e1000
udevadm info -p /sys/class/net/enp0s3 -a

lsusb
dmesg | tail
[  295.984575] sd 3:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0
[  295.985678] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] 15728640 512-byte logical blocks: (8.05 GB/7.50 GiB)
[  295.987189] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
[  295.987192] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 03 00 00 00
[  295.988784] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] No Caching mode page found
[  295.989650] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
[  295.998832]  sdb: sdb1
[  296.023285] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI removable disk

mkdir usb
sudo mount /dev/sdb1 usb 
udevadm info -p /sys/class/block/sdb1

Ubuntu Serveur